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Musical notes & rests

The explanation is based on the 4/4 time. In other time signatures the value in beats may feel different.

Handy cheat sheetPractice with metronome

Musical notes and rests tell you two things: what sound you are playing and for how long. A note sustains a sound for a certain number of beats, a rest indicates how many beats you are silent.

Below you will find an overview of the most commonly used notes, rests and clefs, with their names and durations in 4/4 time. Handy as a cheat sheet when learning to read music, for drums or for any other instrument. Do you want to immediately put rhythm and note values into practice behind a drum kit? Book a free trial lesson.

Overview
AllNotesRestsClefs
SymbolName (English)Meaning / duration (4/4)
Whole noteLasts 4 beats: a full bar in 4/4.
Half noteLasts 2 beats. Two half notes make one bar.
Quarter noteLasts 1 beat. Four quarter notes is one measure in 4/4.
Eighth noteLasts ½ beat. Eight eighths is one measure in 4/4.
Sixteenth noteLasts ¼ beat. Sixteen sixteenths is one measure.
Thirty-second noteLasts ⅛ of a beat. Often used in fast passages.
Dotted quarter noteQuarter note (1 beat) + half its value (0.5 beat) = 1.5 beats.
Dotted eighthEighth note (0.5 beat) + half its value (0.25 beat) = 0.75 beats.
Whole restSilence for 4 beats.
Half restSilence for 2 beats.
Quarter restSilence for 1 beat.
Eighth restSilence for ½ a beat.
Sixteenth restSilence for ¼ of a beat.
Treble clefFor higher notes on the staff.
Bass clefFor lower notes (bass line, left hand piano).
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Tip: Do you see blocks or empty boxes next to symbols? This page uses the Bravura Text font (the reference music font) so that each symbol renders consistently on any device.

Frequently asked questions

Questions about notes and rests